Virtually all varieties of homogeneous mixtures can be classified as a solution—that is, a homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances is dissolved in another substance. If two or more substances were combined in exactly equal proportions, this would technically not be a solution; hence the distinction between solutions and the larger class of homogeneous mixtures.
A solution is made up of two parts: the
solute, the substance or substances that are dissolved; and the solvent,
the substance that dissolves the solute. The solvent typically
determines the physical state of the solution: in other words, if the
solvent is a liquid, the solution will most likely be a liquid. Likewise
if the solvent is a solid such as a metal, melted at high temperatures
to form a metallic solution called an alloy, then when the solution is cooled to its normal temperature, it will be solid again.
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